Colon polyps types description and their progression to malignancy

• Type : Hyperplastic polyp 

Description
Sawtooth glandular epithelium with proliferation of globet and columnar epithelial cells

Progression to Malignancy
No

• Type: Tubular adenoma

Description
Pedunculated

Progression to Malignancy
Low (4%)

• Type : Tubulovillous adenoma

Description
Combines both

Progression to Malignancy
Intermediated

• Type : Villous adenoma

Description
Sessile

Progression to Malignancy
High (30%)

• Type : Famililal Adenomatous Polyposis

Description
Autosomal Dominant Thousands of Colonic adenomatous polyps

Progression to Malignancy
100% (by 40 year)

• Type : Gardner syndrome

Description
Autosomal Dominant Associated with desmoid tumors

Progression to Malignancy
~ 100%

• Type : Turcot Syndrome

Description
Associated with CNS tumors(gliomas)

Progression to Malignancy
Highly

• Type : Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome

Description
Autosomal Dominant Hamartomas. Melanin Pigmentation of the buccal mucosa

Progression to Malignancy
No

Figure : Colonic adenocarcinoma of cecum

• Colon Cancer 

HNPCC (lynch Syndrome)

• Autosomal Dominant
• Mutation of DNA nucleotide mismatch repair gene
• Increased risk of endometrial and ovarian carcinoma